path: root/src/daemon/main.c

/***
  This file is part of PulseAudio.

  Copyright 2004-2006 Lennart Poettering
  Copyright 2006 Pierre Ossman <ossman@cendio.se> for Cendio AB

  PulseAudio is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published
  by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License,
  or (at your option) any later version.

  PulseAudio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  along with PulseAudio; if not, write to the Free Software
  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307
  USA.
***/

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <ltdl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#include <liboil/liboil.h>

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H
#include <sys/mman.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_PWD_H
#include <pwd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_GRP_H
#include <grp.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LIBWRAP
#include <syslog.h>
#include <tcpd.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
#include <dbus/dbus.h>
#endif

#include <pulse/mainloop.h>
#include <pulse/mainloop-signal.h>
#include <pulse/timeval.h>
#include <pulse/xmalloc.h>
#include <pulse/i18n.h>

#include <pulsecore/lock-autospawn.h>
#include <pulsecore/winsock.h>
#include <pulsecore/core-error.h>
#include <pulsecore/core.h>
#include <pulsecore/memblock.h>
#include <pulsecore/module.h>
#include <pulsecore/cli-command.h>
#include <pulsecore/log.h>
#include <pulsecore/core-util.h>
#include <pulsecore/sioman.h>
#include <pulsecore/cli-text.h>
#include <pulsecore/pid.h>
#include <pulsecore/namereg.h>
#include <pulsecore/random.h>
#include <pulsecore/rtsig.h>
#include <pulsecore/rtclock.h>
#include <pulsecore/macro.h>
#include <pulsecore/mutex.h>
#include <pulsecore/thread.h>
#include <pulsecore/once.h>
#include <pulsecore/shm.h>
#include <pulsecore/memtrap.h>
#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
#include <pulsecore/dbus-shared.h>
#endif

#include "cmdline.h"
#include "cpulimit.h"
#include "daemon-conf.h"
#include "dumpmodules.h"
#include "caps.h"
#include "ltdl-bind-now.h"
#include "polkit.h"

#ifdef HAVE_LIBWRAP
/* Only one instance of these variables */
int allow_severity = LOG_INFO;
int deny_severity = LOG_WARNING;
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_OSS
/* padsp looks for this symbol in the running process and disables
 * itself if it finds it and it is set to 7 (which is actually a bit
 * mask). For details see padsp. */
int __padsp_disabled__ = 7;
#endif

#ifdef OS_IS_WIN32

static void message_cb(pa_mainloop_api*a, pa_time_event*e, const struct timeval *tv, void *userdata) {
    MSG msg;
    struct timeval tvnext;

    while (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) {
        if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
            raise(SIGTERM);
        else {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }

    pa_timeval_add(pa_gettimeofday(&tvnext), 100000);
    a->time_restart(e, &tvnext);
}

#endif

static void signal_callback(pa_mainloop_api*m, pa_signal_event *e, int sig, void *userdata) {
    pa_log_info(_("Got signal %s."), pa_sig2str(sig));

    switch (sig) {
#ifdef SIGUSR1
        case SIGUSR1:
            pa_module_load(userdata, "module-cli", NULL);
            break;
#endif

#ifdef SIGUSR2
        case SIGUSR2:
            pa_module_load(userdata, "module-cli-protocol-unix", NULL);
            break;
#endif

#ifdef SIGHUP
        case SIGHUP: {
            char *c = pa_full_status_string(userdata);
            pa_log_notice("%s", c);
            pa_xfree(c);
            return;
        }
#endif

        case SIGINT:
        case SIGTERM:
        default:
            pa_log_info(_("Exiting."));
            m->quit(m, 1);
            break;
    }
}

#if defined(HAVE_PWD_H) && defined(HAVE_GRP_H)

static int change_user(void) {
    struct passwd *pw;
    struct group * gr;
    int r;

    /* This function is called only in system-wide mode. It creates a
     * runtime dir in /var/run/ with proper UID/GID and drops privs
     * afterwards. */

    if (!(pw = getpwnam(PA_SYSTEM_USER))) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to find user '%s'."), PA_SYSTEM_USER);
        return -1;
    }

    if (!(gr = getgrnam(PA_SYSTEM_GROUP))) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to find group '%s'."), PA_SYSTEM_GROUP);
        return -1;
    }

    pa_log_info(_("Found user '%s' (UID %lu) and group '%s' (GID %lu)."),
                PA_SYSTEM_USER, (unsigned long) pw->pw_uid,
                PA_SYSTEM_GROUP, (unsigned long) gr->gr_gid);

    if (pw->pw_gid != gr->gr_gid) {
        pa_log(_("GID of user '%s' and of group '%s' don't match."), PA_SYSTEM_USER, PA_SYSTEM_GROUP);
        return -1;
    }

    if (strcmp(pw->pw_dir, PA_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_PATH) != 0)
        pa_log_warn(_("Home directory of user '%s' is not '%s', ignoring."), PA_SYSTEM_USER, PA_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_PATH);

    if (pa_make_secure_dir(PA_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_PATH, 0755, pw->pw_uid, gr->gr_gid) < 0) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to create '%s': %s"), PA_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_PATH, pa_cstrerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    if (pa_make_secure_dir(PA_SYSTEM_STATE_PATH, 0700, pw->pw_uid, gr->gr_gid) < 0) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to create '%s': %s"), PA_SYSTEM_STATE_PATH, pa_cstrerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    /* We don't create the config dir here, because we don't need to write to it */

    if (initgroups(PA_SYSTEM_USER, gr->gr_gid) != 0) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to change group list: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

#if defined(HAVE_SETRESGID)
    r = setresgid(gr->gr_gid, gr->gr_gid, gr->gr_gid);
#elif defined(HAVE_SETEGID)
    if ((r = setgid(gr->gr_gid)) >= 0)
        r = setegid(gr->gr_gid);
#elif defined(HAVE_SETREGID)
    r = setregid(gr->gr_gid, gr->gr_gid);
#else
#error "No API to drop privileges"
#endif

    if (r < 0) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to change GID: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

#if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID)
    r = setresuid(pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid);
#elif defined(HAVE_SETEUID)
    if ((r = setuid(pw->pw_uid)) >= 0)
        r = seteuid(pw->pw_uid);
#elif defined(HAVE_SETREUID)
    r = setreuid(pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid);
#else
#error "No API to drop privileges"
#endif

    if (r < 0) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to change UID: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    pa_set_env("USER", PA_SYSTEM_USER);
    pa_set_env("USERNAME", PA_SYSTEM_USER);
    pa_set_env("LOGNAME", PA_SYSTEM_USER);
    pa_set_env("HOME", PA_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_PATH);

    /* Relevant for pa_runtime_path() */
    pa_set_env("PULSE_RUNTIME_PATH", PA_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_PATH);
    pa_set_env("PULSE_CONFIG_PATH", PA_SYSTEM_CONFIG_PATH);
    pa_set_env("PULSE_STATE_PATH", PA_SYSTEM_STATE_PATH);

    pa_log_info(_("Successfully dropped root privileges."));

    return 0;
}

#else /* HAVE_PWD_H && HAVE_GRP_H */

static int change_user(void) {
    pa_log(_("System wide mode unsupported on this platform."));
    return -1;
}

#endif /* HAVE_PWD_H && HAVE_GRP_H */

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H

static int set_one_rlimit(const pa_rlimit *r, int resource, const char *name) {
    struct rlimit rl;
    pa_assert(r);

    if (!r->is_set)
        return 0;

    rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max = r->value;

    if (setrlimit(resource, &rl) < 0) {
        pa_log_info(_("setrlimit(%s, (%u, %u)) failed: %s"), name, (unsigned) r->value, (unsigned) r->value, pa_cstrerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

static void set_all_rlimits(const pa_daemon_conf *conf) {
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_fsize, RLIMIT_FSIZE, "RLIMIT_FSIZE");
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_data, RLIMIT_DATA, "RLIMIT_DATA");
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_stack, RLIMIT_STACK, "RLIMIT_STACK");
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_core, RLIMIT_CORE, "RLIMIT_CORE");
#ifdef RLIMIT_RSS
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_rss, RLIMIT_RSS, "RLIMIT_RSS");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_NPROC
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_nproc, RLIMIT_NPROC, "RLIMIT_NPROC");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_nofile, RLIMIT_NOFILE, "RLIMIT_NOFILE");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_MEMLOCK
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_memlock, RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, "RLIMIT_MEMLOCK");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_AS
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_as, RLIMIT_AS, "RLIMIT_AS");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_LOCKS
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_locks, RLIMIT_LOCKS, "RLIMIT_LOCKS");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_SIGPENDING
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_sigpending, RLIMIT_SIGPENDING, "RLIMIT_SIGPENDING");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_msgqueue, RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE, "RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_NICE
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_nice, RLIMIT_NICE, "RLIMIT_NICE");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_RTPRIO
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_rtprio, RLIMIT_RTPRIO, "RLIMIT_RTPRIO");
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_RTTIME
    set_one_rlimit(&conf->rlimit_rttime, RLIMIT_RTTIME, "RLIMIT_RTTIME");
#endif
}
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
static pa_dbus_connection *register_dbus(pa_core *c) {
    DBusError error;
    pa_dbus_connection *conn;

    dbus_error_init(&error);

    if (!(conn = pa_dbus_bus_get(c, pa_in_system_mode() ? DBUS_BUS_SYSTEM : DBUS_BUS_SESSION, &error)) || dbus_error_is_set(&error)) {
        pa_log_warn("Unable to contact D-Bus: %s: %s", error.name, error.message);
        goto fail;
    }

    if (dbus_bus_request_name(pa_dbus_connection_get(conn), "org.pulseaudio.Server", DBUS_NAME_FLAG_DO_NOT_QUEUE, &error) == DBUS_REQUEST_NAME_REPLY_PRIMARY_OWNER) {
        pa_log_debug("Got org.pulseaudio.Server!");
        return conn;
    }

    if (dbus_error_is_set(&error))
        pa_log_warn("Failed to acquire org.pulseaudio.Server: %s: %s", error.name, error.message);
    else
        pa_log_warn("D-Bus name org.pulseaudio.Server already taken. Weird shit!");

    /* PA cannot be started twice by the same user and hence we can
     * ignore mostly the case that org.pulseaudio.Server is already
     * taken. */

fail:

    if (conn)
        pa_dbus_connection_unref(conn);

    dbus_error_free(&error);
    return NULL;
}
#endif

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    pa_core *c = NULL;
    pa_strbuf *buf = NULL;
    pa_daemon_conf *conf = NULL;
    pa_mainloop *mainloop = NULL;
    char *s;
    int r = 0, retval = 1, d = 0;
    pa_bool_t suid_root, real_root;
    pa_bool_t valid_pid_file = FALSE;
    gid_t gid = (gid_t) -1;
    pa_bool_t ltdl_init = FALSE;
    int passed_fd = -1;
    const char *e;
#ifdef HAVE_FORK
    int daemon_pipe[2] = { -1, -1 };
#endif
#ifdef OS_IS_WIN32
    pa_time_event *win32_timer;
    struct timeval win32_tv;
#endif
    int autospawn_fd = -1;
    pa_bool_t autospawn_locked = FALSE;
#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
    pa_dbus_connection *dbus = NULL;
#endif

    pa_log_set_ident("pulseaudio");
    pa_log_set_level(PA_LOG_NOTICE);
    pa_log_set_flags(PA_LOG_COLORS|PA_LOG_PRINT_FILE|PA_LOG_PRINT_LEVEL, PA_LOG_RESET);

#if defined(__linux__) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
    /*
       Disable lazy relocations to make usage of external libraries
       more deterministic for our RT threads. We abuse __OPTIMIZE__ as
       a check whether we are a debug build or not.
    */

    if (!getenv("LD_BIND_NOW")) {
        char *rp;

        /* We have to execute ourselves, because the libc caches the
         * value of $LD_BIND_NOW on initialization. */

        pa_set_env("LD_BIND_NOW", "1");

        if ((rp = pa_readlink("/proc/self/exe")))
            pa_assert_se(execv(rp, argv) == 0);
        else
            pa_log_warn("Couldn't read /proc/self/exe, cannot self execute. Running in a chroot()?");
    }
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_GETUID
    real_root = getuid() == 0;
    suid_root = !real_root && geteuid() == 0;
#else
    real_root = FALSE;
    suid_root = FALSE;
#endif

    if (!real_root) {
        /* Drop all capabilities except CAP_SYS_NICE  */
        pa_limit_caps();

        /* Drop privileges, but keep CAP_SYS_NICE */
        pa_drop_root();

        /* After dropping root, the effective set is reset, hence,
         * let's raise it again */
        pa_limit_caps();

        /* When capabilities are not supported we will not be able to
         * acquire RT sched anymore. But yes, that's the way it is. It
         * is just too risky tun let PA run as root all the time. */
    }

    if ((e = getenv("PULSE_PASSED_FD"))) {
        passed_fd = atoi(e);

        if (passed_fd <= 2)
            passed_fd = -1;
    }

    pa_close_all(passed_fd, -1);

    pa_reset_sigs(-1);
    pa_unblock_sigs(-1);

    /* At this point, we are a normal user, possibly with CAP_NICE if
     * we were started SUID. If we are started as normal root, than we
     * still are normal root. */

    setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
    pa_init_i18n();

    conf = pa_daemon_conf_new();

    if (pa_daemon_conf_load(conf, NULL) < 0)
        goto finish;

    if (pa_daemon_conf_env(conf) < 0)
        goto finish;

    if (pa_cmdline_parse(conf, argc, argv, &d) < 0) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to parse command line."));
        goto finish;
    }

    pa_log_set_level(conf->log_level);
    pa_log_set_target(conf->auto_log_target ? PA_LOG_STDERR : conf->log_target);
    if (conf->log_meta)
        pa_log_set_flags(PA_LOG_PRINT_META, PA_LOG_SET);
    if (conf->log_time)
        pa_log_set_flags(PA_LOG_PRINT_TIME, PA_LOG_SET);
    pa_log_set_show_backtrace(conf->log_backtrace);

    pa_log_debug("Started as real root: %s, suid root: %s", pa_yes_no(real_root), pa_yes_no(suid_root));

    if (!real_root && pa_have_caps()) {
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
        struct rlimit rl;
#endif
        pa_bool_t allow_high_priority = FALSE, allow_realtime = FALSE;

        /* Let's better not enable high prio or RT by default */

        if (conf->high_priority && !allow_high_priority) {
            if (pa_own_uid_in_group(PA_REALTIME_GROUP, &gid) > 0) {
                pa_log_info(_("We're in the group '%s', allowing high-priority scheduling."), PA_REALTIME_GROUP);
                allow_high_priority = TRUE;
            }
        }

        if (conf->realtime_scheduling && !allow_realtime) {
            if (pa_own_uid_in_group(PA_REALTIME_GROUP, &gid) > 0) {
                pa_log_info(_("We're in the group '%s', allowing real-time scheduling."), PA_REALTIME_GROUP);
                allow_realtime = TRUE;
            }
        }

#ifdef HAVE_POLKIT
        if (conf->high_priority && !allow_high_priority) {
            if (pa_polkit_check("org.pulseaudio.acquire-high-priority") > 0) {
                pa_log_info(_("PolicyKit grants us acquire-high-priority privilege."));
                allow_high_priority = TRUE;
            } else
                pa_log_info(_("PolicyKit refuses acquire-high-priority privilege."));
        }

        if (conf->realtime_scheduling && !allow_realtime) {
            if (pa_polkit_check("org.pulseaudio.acquire-real-time") > 0) {
                pa_log_info(_("PolicyKit grants us acquire-real-time privilege."));
                allow_realtime = TRUE;
            } else
                pa_log_info(_("PolicyKit refuses acquire-real-time privilege."));
        }
#endif

        if (!allow_high_priority && !allow_realtime) {

            /* OK, there's no further need to keep CAP_NICE. Hence
             * let's give it up early */

            pa_drop_caps();
        }

#ifdef RLIMIT_RTPRIO
        if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_RTPRIO, &rl) >= 0)
            if (rl.rlim_cur > 0) {
                pa_log_info("RLIMIT_RTPRIO is set to %u, allowing real-time scheduling.", (unsigned) rl.rlim_cur);
                allow_realtime = TRUE;
            }
#endif
#ifdef RLIMIT_NICE
        if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NICE, &rl) >= 0)
            if (rl.rlim_cur > 20 ) {
                pa_log_info("RLIMIT_NICE is set to %u, allowing high-priority scheduling.", (unsigned) rl.rlim_cur);
                allow_high_priority = TRUE;
            }
#endif

        if ((conf->high_priority && !allow_high_priority) ||
            (conf->realtime_scheduling && !allow_realtime))
            pa_log_info(_("Called SUID root and real-time and/or high-priority scheduling was requested in the configuration. However, we lack the necessary privileges:\n"
                            "We are not in group '%s', PolicyKit refuse to grant us the requested privileges and we have no increase RLIMIT_NICE/RLIMIT_RTPRIO resource limits.\n"
                            "For enabling real-time/high-priority scheduling please acquire the appropriate PolicyKit privileges, or become a member of '%s', or increase the RLIMIT_NICE/RLIMIT_RTPRIO resource limits for this user."),
                          PA_REALTIME_GROUP, PA_REALTIME_GROUP);


        if (!allow_realtime)
            conf->realtime_scheduling = FALSE;

        if (!allow_high_priority)
            conf->high_priority = FALSE;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
    /* Reset resource limits. If we are run as root (for system mode)
     * this might end up increasing the limits, which is intended
     * behaviour. For all other cases, i.e. started as normal user, or
     * SUID root at this point we should have no CAP_SYS_RESOURCE and
     * increasing the limits thus should fail. Which is, too, intended
     * behaviour */

    set_all_rlimits(conf);
#endif

    if (conf->high_priority && !pa_can_high_priority()) {
        pa_log_info(_("High-priority scheduling enabled in configuration but not allowed by policy."));
        conf->high_priority = FALSE;
    }

    if (conf->high_priority && (conf->cmd == PA_CMD_DAEMON || conf->cmd == PA_CMD_START))
        pa_raise_priority(conf->nice_level);

    pa_log_debug("Can realtime: %s, can high-priority: %s", pa_yes_no(pa_can_realtime()), pa_yes_no(pa_can_high_priority()));

    if (!real_root && pa_have_caps()) {
        pa_bool_t drop;

        drop = (conf->cmd != PA_CMD_DAEMON && conf->cmd != PA_CMD_START) || !conf->realtime_scheduling;

#ifdef RLIMIT_RTPRIO
        if (!drop) {
            struct rlimit rl;
            /* At this point we still have CAP_NICE if we were loaded
             * SUID root. If possible let's acquire RLIMIT_RTPRIO
             * instead and give CAP_NICE up. */

            if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_RTPRIO, &rl) >= 0) {

                if (rl.rlim_cur >= 9)
                    drop = TRUE;
                else {
                    rl.rlim_max = rl.rlim_cur = 9;

                    if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_RTPRIO, &rl) >= 0) {
                        pa_log_info(_("Successfully increased RLIMIT_RTPRIO"));
                        drop = TRUE;
                    } else
                        pa_log_warn(_("RLIMIT_RTPRIO failed: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
                }
            }
        }
#endif

        if (drop)  {
            pa_log_info(_("Giving up CAP_NICE"));
            pa_drop_caps();
            suid_root = FALSE;
        }
    }

    if (conf->realtime_scheduling && !pa_can_realtime()) {
        pa_log_info(_("Real-time scheduling enabled in configuration but not allowed by policy."));
        conf->realtime_scheduling = FALSE;
    }

    pa_log_debug("Can realtime: %s, can high-priority: %s", pa_yes_no(pa_can_realtime()), pa_yes_no(pa_can_high_priority()));

    LTDL_SET_PRELOADED_SYMBOLS();
    pa_ltdl_init();
    ltdl_init = TRUE;

    if (conf->dl_search_path)
        lt_dlsetsearchpath(conf->dl_search_path);

#ifdef OS_IS_WIN32
    {
        WSADATA data;
        WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &data);
    }
#endif

    pa_random_seed();

    switch (conf->cmd) {
        case PA_CMD_DUMP_MODULES:
            pa_dump_modules(conf, argc-d, argv+d);
            retval = 0;
            goto finish;

        case PA_CMD_DUMP_CONF: {
            s = pa_daemon_conf_dump(conf);
            fputs(s, stdout);
            pa_xfree(s);
            retval = 0;
            goto finish;
        }

        case PA_CMD_DUMP_RESAMPLE_METHODS: {
            int i;

            for (i = 0; i < PA_RESAMPLER_MAX; i++)
                if (pa_resample_method_supported(i))
                    printf("%s\n", pa_resample_method_to_string(i));

            retval = 0;
            goto finish;
        }

        case PA_CMD_HELP :
            pa_cmdline_help(argv[0]);
            retval = 0;
            goto finish;

        case PA_CMD_VERSION :
            printf(PACKAGE_NAME" "PACKAGE_VERSION"\n");
            retval = 0;
            goto finish;

        case PA_CMD_CHECK: {
            pid_t pid;

            if (pa_pid_file_check_running(&pid, "pulseaudio") < 0)
                pa_log_info(_("Daemon not running"));
            else {
                pa_log_info(_("Daemon running as PID %u"), pid);
                retval = 0;
            }

            goto finish;

        }
        case PA_CMD_KILL:

            if (pa_pid_file_kill(SIGINT, NULL, "pulseaudio") < 0)
                pa_log(_("Failed to kill daemon: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
            else
                retval = 0;

            goto finish;

        case PA_CMD_CLEANUP_SHM:

            if (pa_shm_cleanup() >= 0)
                retval = 0;

            goto finish;

        default:
            pa_assert(conf->cmd == PA_CMD_DAEMON || conf->cmd == PA_CMD_START);
    }

    if (real_root && !conf->system_instance)
        pa_log_warn(_("This program is not intended to be run as root (unless --system is specified)."));
    else if (!real_root && conf->system_instance) {
        pa_log(_("Root privileges required."));
        goto finish;
    }

    if (conf->cmd == PA_CMD_START && conf->system_instance) {
        pa_log(_("--start not supported for system instances."));
        goto finish;
    }

    if (conf->system_instance && !conf->disallow_exit)
        pa_log_warn(_("Running in system mode, but --disallow-exit not set!"));

    if (conf->system_instance && !conf->disallow_module_loading)
        pa_log_warn(_("Running in system mode, but --disallow-module-loading not set!"));

    if (conf->system_instance && !conf->disable_shm) {
        pa_log_notice(_("Running in system mode, forcibly disabling SHM mode!"));
        conf->disable_shm = TRUE;
    }

    if (conf->system_instance && conf->exit_idle_time >= 0) {
        pa_log_notice(_("Running in system mode, forcibly disabling exit idle time!"));
        conf->exit_idle_time = -1;
    }

    if (conf->cmd == PA_CMD_START) {
        /* If we shall start PA only when it is not running yet, we
         * first take the autospawn lock to make things
         * synchronous. */

        if ((autospawn_fd = pa_autospawn_lock_init()) < 0) {
            pa_log("Failed to initialize autospawn lock");
            goto finish;
        }

        if ((pa_autospawn_lock_acquire(TRUE) < 0)) {
            pa_log("Failed to acquire autospawn lock");
            goto finish;
        }

        autospawn_locked = TRUE;
    }

    if (conf->daemonize) {
        pid_t child;
        int tty_fd;

        if (pa_stdio_acquire() < 0) {
            pa_log(_("Failed to acquire stdio."));
            goto finish;
        }

#ifdef HAVE_FORK
        if (pipe(daemon_pipe) < 0) {
            pa_log(_("pipe failed: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
            goto finish;
        }

        if ((child = fork()) < 0) {
            pa_log(_("fork() failed: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));
            goto finish;
        }

        if (child != 0) {
            ssize_t n;
            /* Father */

            pa_assert_se(pa_close(daemon_pipe[1]) == 0);
            daemon_pipe[1] = -1;

            if ((n = pa_loop_read(daemon_pipe[0], &retval, sizeof(retval), NULL)) != sizeof(retval)) {

                if (n < 0)
                    pa_log(_("read() failed: %s"), pa_cstrerror(errno));

                retval = 1;
            }

            if (retval)
                pa_log(_("Daemon startup failed."));
            else
                pa_log_info(_("Daemon startup successful."));

            goto finish;
        }

        if (autospawn_fd >= 0) {
            /* The lock file is unlocked from the parent, so we need
             * to close it in the child */

            pa_autospawn_lock_release();
            pa_autospawn_lock_done(TRUE);

            autospawn_locked = FALSE;
            autospawn_fd = -1;
        }

        pa_assert_se(pa_close(daemon_pipe[0]) == 0);
        daemon_pipe[0] = -1;
#endif

        if (conf->auto_log_target)
            pa_log_set_target(PA_LOG_SYSLOG);

#ifdef HAVE_SETSID
        setsid();
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SETPGID
        setpgid(0,0);
#endif

#ifndef OS_IS_WIN32
        pa_close(0);
        pa_close(1);
        pa_close(2);

        pa_assert_se(open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY) == 0);
        pa_assert_se(open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY) == 1);
        pa_assert_se(open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY) == 2);
#else
        FreeConsole();
#endif

#ifdef SIGTTOU
        signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
#endif
#ifdef SIGTTIN
        signal(SIGTTIN, SIG_IGN);
#endif
#ifdef SIGTSTP
        signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
#endif

#ifdef TIOCNOTTY
        if ((tty_fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR)) >= 0) {
            ioctl(tty_fd, TIOCNOTTY, (char*) 0);
            pa_assert_se(pa_close(tty_fd) == 0);
        }
#endif
    }

    pa_set_env("PULSE_INTERNAL", "1");
    pa_assert_se(chdir("/") == 0);
    umask(0022);

    if (conf->system_instance)
        if (change_user() < 0)
            goto finish;

    pa_set_env("PULSE_SYSTEM", conf->system_instance ? "1" : "0");

    pa_log_info(_("This is PulseAudio %s"), PACKAGE_VERSION);
    pa_log_debug(_("Compilation host: %s"), CANONICAL_HOST);
    pa_log_debug(_("Compilation CFLAGS: %s"), PA_CFLAGS);

    s = pa_uname_string();
    pa_log_debug(_("Running on host: %s"), s);
    pa_xfree(s);

    pa_log_debug(_("Found %u CPUs."), pa_ncpus());

    pa_log_info(_("Page size is %lu bytes"), (unsigned long) PA_PAGE_SIZE);

#ifdef HAVE_VALGRIND_MEMCHECK_H
    pa_log_debug(_("Compiled with Valgrind support: yes"));
#else
    pa_log_debug(_("Compiled with Valgrind support: no"));
#endif

    pa_log_debug(_("Running in valgrind mode: %s"), pa_yes_no(pa_in_valgrind()));

#ifdef __OPTIMIZE__
    pa_log_debug(_("Optimized build: yes"));
#else
    pa_log_debug(_("Optimized build: no"));
#endif

#ifdef NDEBUG
    pa_log_debug(_("NDEBUG defined, all asserts disabled."));
#elif defined(FASTPATH)
    pa_log_debug(_("FASTPATH defined, only fast path asserts disabled."));
#else
    pa_log_debug(_("All asserts enabled."));
#endif

    if (!(s = pa_machine_id())) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to get machine ID"));
        goto finish;
    }
    pa_log_info(_("Machine ID is %s."), s);
    pa_xfree(s);

    if ((s = pa_session_id())) {
            pa_log_info(_("Session ID is %s."), s);
            pa_xfree(s);
    }

    if (!(s = pa_get_runtime_dir()))
        goto finish;
    pa_log_info(_("Using runtime directory %s."), s);
    pa_xfree(s);

    if (!(s = pa_get_state_dir()))
        goto finish;
    pa_log_info(_("Using state directory %s."), s);
    pa_xfree(s);

    pa_log_info(_("Running in system mode: %s"), pa_yes_no(pa_in_system_mode()));

    if (pa_in_system_mode())
        pa_log_warn(_("OK, so you are running PA in system mode. Please note that you most likely shouldn't be doing that.\n"
                      "If you do it nonetheless then it's your own fault if things don't work as expected.\n"
                      "Please read http://pulseaudio.org/wiki/WhatIsWrongWithSystemMode for an explanation why system mode is usually a bad idea."));

    if (conf->use_pid_file) {
        int z;

        if ((z = pa_pid_file_create("pulseaudio")) != 0) {

            if (conf->cmd == PA_CMD_START && z > 0) {
                /* If we are already running and with are run in
                 * --start mode, then let's return this as success. */

                retval = 0;
                goto finish;
            }

            pa_log(_("pa_pid_file_create() failed."));
            goto finish;
        }

        valid_pid_file = TRUE;
    }

    pa_disable_sigpipe();

    if (pa_rtclock_hrtimer())
        pa_log_info(_("Fresh high-resolution timers available! Bon appetit!"));
    else
        pa_log_info(_("Dude, your kernel stinks! The chef's recommendation today is Linux with high-resolution timers enabled!"));

    pa_rtclock_hrtimer_enable();

#ifdef SIGRTMIN
    /* Valgrind uses SIGRTMAX. To easy debugging we don't use it here */
    pa_rtsig_configure(SIGRTMIN, SIGRTMAX-1);
#endif

    if (conf->lock_memory) {
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H
        if (mlockall(MCL_FUTURE) < 0)
            pa_log_warn("mlockall() failed: %s", pa_cstrerror(errno));
        else
            pa_log_info("Sucessfully locked process into memory.");
#else
        pa_log_warn("Memory locking requested but not supported on platform.");
#endif
    }

    pa_memtrap_install();

    pa_assert_se(mainloop = pa_mainloop_new());

    if (!(c = pa_core_new(pa_mainloop_get_api(mainloop), !conf->disable_shm, conf->shm_size))) {
        pa_log(_("pa_core_new() failed."));
        goto finish;
    }

    c->default_sample_spec = conf->default_sample_spec;
    c->default_channel_map = conf->default_channel_map;
    c->default_n_fragments = conf->default_n_fragments;
    c->default_fragment_size_msec = conf->default_fragment_size_msec;
    c->exit_idle_time = conf->exit_idle_time;
    c->scache_idle_time = conf->scache_idle_time;
    c->resample_method = conf->resample_method;
    c->realtime_priority = conf->realtime_priority;
    c->realtime_scheduling = !!conf->realtime_scheduling;
    c->disable_remixing = !!conf->disable_remixing;
    c->disable_lfe_remixing = !!conf->disable_lfe_remixing;
    c->running_as_daemon = !!conf->daemonize;
    c->disallow_exit = conf->disallow_exit;
    c->flat_volumes = conf->flat_volumes;

    pa_assert_se(pa_signal_init(pa_mainloop_get_api(mainloop)) == 0);
    pa_signal_new(SIGINT, signal_callback, c);
    pa_signal_new(SIGTERM, signal_callback, c);
#ifdef SIGUSR1
    pa_signal_new(SIGUSR1, signal_callback, c);
#endif
#ifdef SIGUSR2
    pa_signal_new(SIGUSR2, signal_callback, c);
#endif
#ifdef SIGHUP
    pa_signal_new(SIGHUP, signal_callback, c);
#endif

#ifdef OS_IS_WIN32
    win32_timer = pa_mainloop_get_api(mainloop)->time_new(pa_mainloop_get_api(mainloop), pa_gettimeofday(&win32_tv), message_cb, NULL);
#endif

    oil_init();

    if (!conf->no_cpu_limit)
        pa_assert_se(pa_cpu_limit_init(pa_mainloop_get_api(mainloop)) == 0);

    buf = pa_strbuf_new();
    if (conf->load_default_script_file) {
        FILE *f;

        if ((f = pa_daemon_conf_open_default_script_file(conf))) {
            r = pa_cli_command_execute_file_stream(c, f, buf, &conf->fail);
            fclose(f);
        }
    }

    if (r >= 0)
        r = pa_cli_command_execute(c, conf->script_commands, buf, &conf->fail);

    pa_log_error("%s", s = pa_strbuf_tostring_free(buf));
    pa_xfree(s);

    /* We completed the initial module loading, so let's disable it
     * from now on, if requested */
    c->disallow_module_loading = !!conf->disallow_module_loading;

    if (r < 0 && conf->fail) {
        pa_log(_("Failed to initialize daemon."));
        goto finish;
    }

    if (!c->modules || pa_idxset_size(c->modules) == 0) {
        pa_log(_("Daemon startup without any loaded modules, refusing to work."));
        goto finish;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_FORK
    if (daemon_pipe[1] >= 0) {
        int ok = 0;
        pa_loop_write(daemon_pipe[1], &ok, sizeof(ok), NULL);
        pa_close(daemon_pipe[1]);
        daemon_pipe[1] = -1;
    }
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
    dbus = register_dbus(c);
#endif

    pa_log_info(_("Daemon startup complete."));

    retval = 0;
    if (pa_mainloop_run(mainloop, &retval) < 0)
        goto finish;

    pa_log_info(_("Daemon shutdown initiated."));

finish:
#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
    if (dbus)
        pa_dbus_connection_unref(dbus);
#endif

    if (autospawn_fd >= 0) {
        if (autospawn_locked)
            pa_autospawn_lock_release();

        pa_autospawn_lock_done(FALSE);
    }

#ifdef OS_IS_WIN32
    if (win32_timer)
        pa_mainloop_get_api(mainloop)->time_free(win32_timer);
#endif

    if (c) {
        pa_core_unref(c);
        pa_log_info(_("Daemon terminated."));
    }

    if (!conf->no_cpu_limit)
        pa_cpu_limit_done();

    pa_signal_done();

#ifdef HAVE_FORK
    if (daemon_pipe[1] >= 0)
        pa_loop_write(daemon_pipe[1], &retval, sizeof(retval), NULL);

    pa_close_pipe(daemon_pipe);
#endif

    if (mainloop)
        pa_mainloop_free(mainloop);

    if (conf)
        pa_daemon_conf_free(conf);

    if (valid_pid_file)
        pa_pid_file_remove();

#ifdef OS_IS_WIN32
    WSACleanup();
#endif

    if (ltdl_init)
        pa_ltdl_done();

#ifdef HAVE_DBUS
    dbus_shutdown();
#endif

    return retval;
}